Grants Pass is a city in, and the county seat of, Josephine County, Oregon, United States. The city is located on Interstate 5, northwest of Medford. Attractions include the Rogue River, famous for its rafting, and the nearby Oregon Caves National Monument located 30 miles (48Â km) south of the city. Grants Pass is 256 miles (412Â km) south of Portland, the largest city in Oregon. The population was 34,533 at the 2010 census.
History
Early Hudson's Bay Company hunters and trappers, following the Siskiyou Trail, passed through the site beginning in the 1820s. In the late 1840s, settlers (mostly American) following the Applegate Trail began traveling through the area on their way to the Willamette Valley. The city states that the name was selected to honor General Ulysses S. Grant's success at Vicksburg. Grants Pass post office was established on March 22, 1865. The city of Grants Pass was incorporated in 1887.
The Oregonâ€"Utah Sugar Company, financed by Charles W. Nibley, was created, leading to a sugar beet factory being built in Grants Pass in 1916. Before the factory opened, Oregon-Utah Sugar was merged into the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company. Due to labor shortages and low acreage planted in sugar beets, the processing machinery was moved to Toppenish, Washington in 1918 or 1919.
Geography
Grants Pass is located in the Rogue Valley; the Rogue River runs through the city. U.S. Route 199 passes through the city, and joins Interstate 5.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 11.03 square miles (28.57Â km2), of which, 10.87 square miles (28.15Â km2) is land and 0.16 square miles (0.41Â km2) is water.
Climate
True to its motto, “It's the climate!â€, Grants Pass has a Zone 7 climate. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Grants Pass has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa).
Summer days are sunny, dry and hot, with dramatic cooling at night; the average August high temperature is 88.8 °F or 31.6 °C, but the low is only 53.7 °F or 12.1 °C. Winters are cool and fairly rainy, with only occasional snow; the average January high temperature is 46.6 °F or 8.1 °C and the low, 35.1 °F or 1.7 °C. Grants Pass receives roughly 31 inches or 790 millimetres precipitation per year, with three-quarters of it occurring between November 1 and March 31. The mild winters and dry summers support a native vegetation structure quite different from the rest of Oregon, dominated by madrone, deciduous and evergreen oak, manzanita, pine, bush chinquapin, and other species that are far less abundant further north.
The record high temperature of 114 °F or 45.6 °C was on July 23, 1928. The record low temperature of âˆ'1 °F (âˆ'18.3 °C) was on December 9, 1972 until 1990 when it reached âˆ'3 °F (âˆ'19.4 °C). There are an average of 51.3 afternoons annually with highs of 90 °F or 32.2 °C or higher, eight afternoons reaching at least 100 °F or 37.8 °C and 77.5 mornings annually with lows of 32 °F or 0 °C or lower.
Measurable precipitation falls on an average of 110 days annually. The wettest "rain year" on record was from July 1955 to June 1956 with 50.69 inches (1,287.5 mm) of precipitation, and the driest from July 1923 to June 1924 with 13.43 inches (341.1 mm). The most precipitation in one month was 20.63 inches (524.0 mm) in December 1996, and the most precipitation in one day 5.27 inches (133.9 mm) on October 29, 1950 â€" part of a two-day fall of 9.38 inches (238.3 mm) and ending a five-day fall of 11.26 inches or 286.0 millimetres. There is an average of only 4.6 inches or 0.12 metres of snow annually. The most snowfall in one month was 34.1 inches (0.87 m) in February 1917.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 34,533 people, 14,313 households, and 8,700 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,176.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,226.6/km2). There were 15,561 housing units at an average density of 1,431.6 per square mile (552.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 90.9% White, 0.5% African American, 1.2% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 2.3% from other races, and 3.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.5% of the population.
There were 14,313 households of which 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.3% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.2% were non-families. 32.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.94.
The median age in the city was 39.3 years. 24.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.6% were from 25 to 44; 25% were from 45 to 64; and 18.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.3% male and 52.7% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 23,003 people, 9,376 households, and 5,925 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,033 per square mile (7,855/km2). There were 9,885 housing units at an average density of 1,303.3 per square mile (503.5/km²). By 2008, the city's population had increased to 33,239. According to U.S. Census figures from the 2006-2008 American Community Survey, the racial composition of the city's population was 93.6% white, 0.2% black, 1.6% American Indian, 1.1% Asian, 1.2% other race, and 2.3% two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos, who may be of any race, formed 7.2% of the city's population.
There were 9,376 households out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.5% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.8% were non-families. 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.94.
In the city, the population was spread out with 26.0% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 19.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 86.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $29,197, and the median income for a family was $36,284. Males had a median income of $31,128 versus $23,579 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,234. About 12.2% of families and 34.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.8% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
The lumber industry was the major employer for Grants Pass up until the 1970s. At that point the entire region started to see a steady decline in all lumber harvesting, production, and processing. Since then there has been a shift to a large service industry sector covering areas of outdoors/sports/recreation and health care infrastructure. This is augmented by multiple small and medium businesses and growth in marijuana-related businesses due to state legalization.
Notable businesses
Grants Pass is the birthplace of Dutch Bros. Coffee, which began with a single small pushcart on the corner of 6th and G Streets, where the downtown stand is now located. Brothers Travis and Dane Boersma started the franchise in 1992 and it quickly spread throughout the region.
Fire Mountain Gems has been operating in the Rogue Valley since 1986 and moved to Grants Pass in 2000. They are a well-known direct marketing company, providing jewelry-making supplies to designer-artists around the world.
Arts and culture
Annual cultural events
Boatnik, a speedboat race and carnival event, is held every Memorial Day weekend in Riverside Park.
Museums and other points of interest
The historic Rogue Theatre downtown has been transformed into a performing arts venue that hosts mostly local acts. The Grants Pass Towne Center Association's "Back to the '50s" Celebration includes free concerts, a nearly 600-vehicle Classic Car Cruise, poker runs, and thematic shopping in the town's downtown historic district.
Year round, there are First Friday Art Nights. On the first Friday of every month, many of the city's downtown stores hold art shows and promotional events.
The Grants Pass post office contains two tempera murals done through the U.S. Treasury Department Section on Fine Arts (often mistakenly referred to as the "WPA"), both painted in 1938. There are ten government-sponsored New Deal era murals in Oregon; Grants Pass is the only post office that contains two. The murals are "Rogue River Indians" by Louis DeMott Bunce (who also painted a 1959 mural at Portland International Airport) and "Early and Contemporary Industries" by Eric Lamade.
Parks and recreation
Grants Pass has numerous and diverse parks and green spaces. Notable city-run parks include Riverside Park, summer home to the local Concerts in the Park series, and the Reinhart Volunteer Park, a park largely built through the efforts of community volunteers and featuring facilities for many sports. Grants Pass is a Tree City USA Community and has been for 29 years!
Education
Grants Pass area public schools are served by Grants Pass School District, including Grants Pass High School, and Three Rivers School District, including Illinois Valley High School, North Valley High School, and Hidden Valley High School. Rogue Community College's (RCC) main (Redwood Campus) is located south of Grants Pass on Redwood Highway with additional campuses located in Medford, Oregon (Riverside Campus) and White City (Table Rock Campus).
Media
Newspapers
The Grants Pass Daily Courier is the region's newspaper.
Radio
- AM
- KAGI 930 JPR â€" News and Information
- KAJO 1270 â€" News/Talk
- FM
(Medford and Ashland stations listed by Grants Pass translator frequencies)
- KDOV 88.1 Religious
- KLXG 91.1 K-LOVE â€" Religious
- KTMT-FM 92.1 Top 40
- KIFS 92.9 Top 40
- KRRM 94.7 Traditional Country
- KBOY-FM 96.1 Classic Rock
- KROG 96.9 The Rogue â€" Modern Rock
- KLDR 98.3 Top 40
- KRWQ 98.7 Country
- KMED 99.3 News Talk
- KLDZ 100.7 Classic Hits
- KSOR 101.5 JPR Classical
- KCNA 102.7 The Drive â€" Classic Hits
- KAWZ 103.1 CSN â€" Religious
- KAKT 104.7 Country
- KYVL 105.9 Adult Album Alternative
- KCGP-LP 106.7 Christian
- KCMX-FM 107.1 Soft Adult Contemporary
- KJCR-LP 107.9
Transportation
Road
- Interstate 5
- U.S. Route 199
- Oregon Route 238
Rail
- Central Oregon and Pacific Railroad
Air
- Rogue Valley Internationalâ€"Medford Airport
- Grants Pass Airport
Notable people
- David Anders, actor
- Agnes Baker Pilgrim, Chairperson, International Council of Thirteen Indigenous Grandmothers
- Carl Barks, writer and artist
- Ty Burrell, actor
- Kit Culkin, actor
- Brandon Drury, baseball player
- David Goines, artist, writer
- Helen Chenoweth-Hage, U.S. Representative from Idaho
- Kevin Hagen, actor
- Jack Lee Harelson, archaeological looter
- Mike Johnson, rock musician
- Jim McDonald, baseball player
- Merrill McPeak, former Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force
- Scott O'Hara, pornographic actor and poet
- Hub Pernoll, baseball player
- Michael Saucedo, actor, musician
- Josh Saunders, soccer player (goalkeeper)
- Shelley Shannon, anti-abortion activist, convicted arsonist and attempted murderer.
- Cornelius Sidler, Wisconsin State Assemblyman and lawyer
- Ken Williams, baseball player
- Brian Luther, Mayo farmer
National Football League (NFL) players
- Pat Beach
- Tom Blanchard
- Dick James
- Jerry Sherk
- Don Summers
- Al Wistert
Sister city
- Rubtsovsk, Russia [1]
See also
- Southern Oregon
- Rogue River â€" Siskiyou National Forest
- Jefferson (proposed Pacific state), proposed state overlapping Oregon and California
References
External links
- Official website
- Entry for Grants Pass in the Oregon Blue Book
- Grants Pass at Curlie (based on DMOZ)